Organic farming - Importance, scope and development

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India is considered to be “Krishi Pradhan” desh. Agriculture is a major sector which helps in generating economy of the country. ICAR is the major governing body which actively and constantly works in this sector in improving quality of cereal crops.
“Organic Farming”
It is a branch of farming everyone is talking about. It’s not that recent but got lost somewhere because of the application of chemicals in growth and protection of crops from pests and fungicides. But the rapid and excessive use of chemicals proved hazardous in the long run for humans and animals too.
Organic farming is a method of crop and livestock production that involves not choosing to use pesticides, fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, antibiotics and growth hormones.
As organic production is a holistic system designed to optimize the productivity and fitness of diverse communities within the agro-ecosystem which includes soil organisms, plants, livestock and people. The principal goal of organic production is to develop enterprises that are sustainable and harmonious with the environment.
There are some general principles of organic production, from the Canadian Organic Standards (2006), which include the following:
·       Majorly focused on environment protection, minimizing soil degradation and erosion, optimize biological productivity and promoting a sound state of health.
·       It helps in recycling materials and resources possible to the greatest extent.
·       It helps in maintaining long-term soil fertility by optimizing conditions for biological activity within the soil.
·       Organic residues and nutrients produced on the farm are recycled back to the soil.
Preventive pest and disease control methods are practiced which includes crop rotation, improved genetics and resistant varieties. Integrated pest and weed management, and soil conservation systems are valuable tools on an organic farm.

Certified Organic
It is a term given to products produced according to organic standards as certified by one of the certifying bodies. A grower wishing to be certified organic must apply to a certification body requesting an independent inspection of their farm to verify that the farm meets the organic standards. Products from certified organic farms are labelled and being promoted as “certified organic.”

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